Directorate of Military Training and Cooperation 2009-2010 Annual Report

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Table of Contents

• Message From the Director – Military Training and Cooperation

• About DMTC

  • Raison d’être

  • Three-Year-Cycle and Governance

  • Accession to MTCP

• The Government of Canada and Capacity Building Abroad

• Prime Minster Harper’s Visit to Jamaica

• The Year in Review

  • 2009-2010 Activities

  • 2009-2010 DMTC Funding

  • 2009-2010 Member States

• DMTC Contacts

Message from the Director – Military Training and Cooperation

It is a pleasure for me as the Director – Military Training and Cooperation to present the 2009-2010 annual report. This year, DMTC has once again proven its relevance and success through the delivery of various projects and activities.

2009-2010 was an exciting and eventful year for us. The Directorate underwent a change in its designation from DMTAP to DMTC in order to facilitate and promote a more symmetrical relationship with its member states.

As part of our current three-year cycle of growth¹, Pakistan was appointed one of the member states of the Military Training and Cooperation Program (MTCP) with the aim of expanding Canada’s bilateral defence relations.

Prime Minister Harper’s visit to Jamaica in April 2009 was another highlight for us this year. He witnessed first hand the peaceful resolution of the hijacking attempt in Kingston by JDF (Jamaica Defence Force) Special Forces that had benefited from DMTC- sponsored training.

The Staff and Language Training Centre in Kabul successfully delivered its first two Junior Officer Staff Courses with a total of 59 graduates, thereby enhancing Canada’s strategic efforts to enhance the professional capacity of the Afghan National Army (ANA).

MTCP, which is designed to address changing defence and foreign policies, is based on a three-year-cycle during which the Program is thoroughly assessed and tailored to promote Canada’s defence and foreign interests. DMTC has currently started the assessment process for the next three-year-cycle².

I am confident that DMTC’s endeavours, as demonstrated over the past several decades, will continue to play a key role in the Government of Canada’s defence diplomacy efforts and will remain successful and relevant to such efforts. I urge everyone to check out our website at http://www.forces.gc.ca/admpol/mtcpwhat-eng.html to get more information.

Andrew P. Rasiulis
Director – Military Training and Cooperation

About DMTC

The Directorate of Military Training and Cooperation (DMTC), formerly known as the Directorate of Military Training Assistance Program (DMTAP), is often DND’s initial or only formal contact in many developing regions around the world. DMTC administers the Military Training and Cooperation Program (MTCP³) as well as special projects offered inside and outside Canada.

DMTC activities – MTCP and special projects – are vital instruments in advancing Canada’s defence diplomacy since they develop and enhance bilateral defence relationships with countries of strategic interest to Canada. They contribute to international peace and security by implementing custom-designed training programs for member states.

MTCP’s activities fall under three main pillars:

• Language Training: To facilitate communication and interoperability among international forces;
• Professional Development and Staff Training: To improve the professionalism of foreign armed forces;
• Peace Support Operations Training: To enhance the capacity of military participants to undertake multi-lateral peace support operations.

The ultimate goal of DMTC is to promote international peace and security through its different activities. Each activity aims to:

• Enhance peace support operations interoperability among Canada’s partners and reduce the operational burden on Canada by increasing the number of countries able to operate effectively in joint missions or even take over for the Canadian Forces (CF);
• Expand and reinforce Canadian bilateral defence relations through mutual training activities with member states and laying the foundation for future cooperative ventures;
• Promote Canadian democratic principles, the rule of law and the protection of human rights in the international arena;
• Establish common understanding and closer relationships between Canada and the member states through exchange of culture and perspectives.

The underlying philosophy of DMTC is capacity building (i.e: train-the-trainer), under which member states eventually become self-sustaining in leading their militaries democratically while DMTC continues to offer them mentorship on an ongoing basis. This capacity building concept advances Canadian foreign and defence policy interests by utilizing Canada’s experience in peace, order, and good government to build similar governance infrastructures in DMTC member states.

Raison d’être

DMTC’s mandate and activities are strategically relevant to Canada in establishing bilateral relations with member states. Countries trained under DMTC auspices are more likely to cooperate with the Canadian Forces by giving them access to their country and their military forces. However, DMTC’s mandate and activities are beneficial not only to Canada but also to these member states. Through specific capacity building initiatives, these countries will develop skills in the areas of military training and peace support operations. The underlying philosophy of DMTC, capacity building (i.e: train-the-trainer), ensures these countries become self-sufficient by the time the training period ends. The Canadian style and values concerning the leadership and management of military forces becomes an effective model from which the member states can benefit. DMTC’s mandate and activities are also advantageous to the international community as a whole. By promoting democratic principles, the rule of law and the protection of international human rights, DMTC activities raise the profile of democratic governance in the international system and thereby preserve international security and stability by reducing the number of fragile and failed states that offer refuge to terrorists.

Three-Year-Cycle and Governance

MTCP is based on a three-year-cycle. The duration of the cycle allows for strategic adjustments to be made to MTCP as military and foreign policies evolve, thus increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the Program. International training needs are identified by an interdepartmental working group called the Military Assistance Steering Committee Working Group (MASC WG). This Working Group consists of regional policy desk officers from the Department of National Defence (DND), the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT), the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) and Public Safety (PS) Canada who make recommendations on the countries to be included in the next three-year-cycle and the regional priorities in funding/training allocation. The existence of this Working Group also provides for a transparent and systematic method of processing accession requests from interested countries. The next three-year-cycle will start in 2011-2012 and DMTC has already initiated the relevant assessment and planning process.

DMTC operates as a Directorate under the auspices of the Director General – International Security Policy (DGIS Pol) Division of DND. The Directorate is accountable to and monitored by the Military Assistance Steering Committee (MASC), an interdepartmental body chaired by DGIS Pol. Its members also include representatives from other DND divisions and other federal departments and agencies, including DFAIT, CIDA and PS. The MASC oversees DMTC activities and approves the provision of military training to member countries, both current and new, according to the MTCP three-year planning cycle. Once approved by the MASC, the program is implemented worldwide. This whole-of-government monitoring process legitimizes the existence and the various endeavours of DMTC.

Accession to MTCP

Certain specific criteria are considered by the MASC when it receives an accession request from a new country. Potential member states must:

• Meet the strategic interests of Canadian Defence and Foreign Policy;
• Be non-oppressive and comply with human rights considerations;
• Not threaten neighbouring nations;
• Demonstrate a capacity to accept and absorb Canadian assistance;
• Participate in Peace Support Operations; and
• Have an annual per capita GDP of US $15,000 or less (Tier-One countries).

Certain member states have exceeded this limit of GDP (US $15,000 or less) since becoming MTCP member states (Tier-Two countries⁴). These countries must cover some of the associated costs of attending MTCP training.

The Government of Canada and Capacity Building Abroad

DMTC is a key partner with other Government of Canada departments in the field of Capacity Building abroad. Departments such as DFAIT, CIDA and PS also sponsor complimentary Capacity Building projects around the world.

The Government of Canada’s capacity for timely and effective international crisis response was significantly augmented with the creation of DFAIT’s Stabilization and Reconstruction Task Force (START). START is designed to respond to the growing international demand for Canadian support and involvement in complex crises and to coordinate whole-of-government policy and program engagements in fragile states. One of the tools available to START is the Global Peace and Security Fund (GPSF). The objective of the GPSF is to provide financial and operational resources for the purpose of facilitating timely, effective and accountable conflict prevention, crisis response, peace operations and civilian protection and stabilization interventions in fragile states of interest to Canada, in keeping with Canadian foreign policy priorities. The Global Peace Operations Program (GPOP), one of the elements of the GPSF, has been established as Canada’s contribution to the G8 global peace operations initiative aimed at enhancing the global capacity for peace operations with a focus on Africa. GPOP programming is coordinated with and complements MTCP activities in Africa and the Americas by providing funding, equipment and infrastructure support to African and Caribbean peacekeeping training centres, as well as civilian and police peacekeeping training and capacity building at the national, regional and continental levels. DFAIT, as a major funding partner, makes significant contributions to DMTC’s Capacity Building programs around the world.

CIDA is present in selected regions that have a varying array of capacity and development needs. By responding to rapid on-set crises resulting from hostilities, natural disasters or civil unrest, CIDA fulfills its international responsibilities through methods, which guarantee victims access to essential emergency services. Over the long-term, CIDA will support efforts aimed at restoring the ability of public institutions and society to address specific needs and risks.

PS develops policies that support the capacity of the Department and Portfolio Agencies to promote a safe and resilient Canada by means of international Security System Reform (SSR)⁵, ie: Military, Police, Justice and Correction. This includes the identification of thematic and geographic priorities for public safety-related engagements and the provision of strategic advice to the Minister and the inter-departmental community concerning SSR projects and programming aimed at mitigating threats to Canada. The Department also promotes the deployment and monitoring of resources according to intelligence-led and results-based criteria. DMTC and PS coordinate policies and standards to achieve optimal end results in public safety and capacity building.

Prime Minister Harper’s Visit to Jamaica

Prime Minister Stephen Harper visited Jamaica in April 2009 before returning from the Summit of the Americas conference in Trinidad and Tobago. He was scheduled to address the Jamaican Parliament and tour some sites of interest before returning to Canada. Approximately two hours into his visit, a Canadian aircraft full of Canadian tourists was held hostage in Montego Bay by an armed gunman who insisted on going to Cuba. The series of events that led to the gunman’s arrest demonstrated how DMTC training in the Caribbean is playing a meaningful role in protecting Canadians abroad. Members of the Jamaica Defence Force (JDF) Counter Terrorism Operations Group (CTOG), who had been trained under the auspices of the DMTC counter terrorism program, along with the Jamaican Prime Minister and the Deputy Chief of Defence Staff, were notified and deployed by helicopter to the airport in Montego Bay. Hours of negotiations between the Jamaica Constabulary Force negotiator and the gunman led to the release of most of the passengers. After that point, however, the negotiator and the gunman reached a stalemate. As a result, CTOG was ordered to intervene and take control of the situation. CTOG successfully ended the standoff within minutes, and the gunman was apprehended. No shots were fired and no one, including the gunman, was injured.

Prime Minister Harper witnessed first hand the positive impact of the various DMTC training/programs offered and conducted in Jamaica. For example:

• The pilots that flew Prime Minister Harper’s aircraft (the next morning), his Jamaican counterpart and the CTOG (the night of the incident) to Montego Bay had been trained at the Jamaica Military Aviation School (JMAS);
• The Jamaican Deputy Chief of Defence Staff had been trained at the Caribbean Junior Command and Staff College (CJCSC) in Jamaica and the Canadian Land Forces Command and Staff College in Kingston (ON); and, finally,
• The CTOG had received training from Canadian Special Operations Forces Command (CANSOFCOM) the year prior to the event.

Following the event in Montego Bay, Prime Minister Harper addressed a sitting of the Jamaican Parliament and then toured the JMAS facility where he spoke to Canadian troops participating in Exercise Tropical Hammer⁶ as part of their pre-deployment training for Afghanistan. The Jamaican Prime Minister and the Chief of Defence Staff highlighted the DMTC programs and outcomes for Prime Minister Harper during that visit.

Defence Diplomacy Through DMTC: A Capacity Building Instrument That Works

The Jamaica Defence Force (JDF) has long maintained a strong regional presence in the Caribbean. The training that the JDF has received in Canada through the DMTC and the capacity building programs currently being developed in Jamaica put them in the very strong position of regional trainer for CARACOM (Caribbean Community). The methodical approach used by DMTC in developing the JDF’s capacity-building expertise in areas that have a direct impact on regional security and military professional development sends a strong message concerning Canada’s support to the region. In return, Canadian strategic interest in maintaining stability in the Caribbean is enhanced. A prime example of this is the recent air bridge from Jamaica to Haiti. Within 12 hours of the earthquake that struck Haiti in January 2010, the JDF contacted the DMTC office offering to partner with the CF in sending a response to the disaster. Using the JMAS facilities and the recently constructed DMTC aircraft technician training building, Canada established an air bridge between Jamaica and Haiti that allowed for the transfer of personnel and relief supplies from strategic to tactical aircraft. This Jamaican air bridge gave Canada the ability to move massive amounts of support material to Haiti with relative ease.

The Year in Review

2009-2010 Activities

As a key instrument of Canada’ foreign and defence diplomacy, DMTC delivers education and training to its member countries through key delivery partners, including DND/CF training and educational institutions and private contractors. During fiscal year 2009-2010, approximately 1,000 foreign military officers from 61 member countries were trained under the auspices of DMTC.

DMTC accomplishes this mission through a wide range of training and education programs, based roughly on the three pillars of language (English/French), professional development/staff and peace support training. Special niche-training projects are also very much evident in certain countries. The section below highlights some of the successful courses offered through DMTC over the past year.

LANGUAGE TRAINING

This past year, DMTC has offered English and French language courses and the train-the-teachers English course to approximately 480 candidates from around the world. The purpose of the English and French language courses is to improve the language proficiency of foreign national officers so they can use English (or French) while performing NATO and UN defence related tasks and other multilateral operations and to acquaint them with Canada’s military and culture. Language courses are delivered at the Canadian Forces Language Schools in Borden (ON) and Saint-Jean (QC).

The train-the-teacher language course puts the emphasis on teaching language skills in a military context and on using multi-media to support the learning process. Thanks to the extensive use of English, the home stay program⁷ and the practicum, candidates are likely to improve their language proficiency and pedagogical competency. The train-the-teacher language course is delivered twice a year in Ottawa under the auspices of the Canadian Forces Language School – National Capital Region Training Company.

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND STAFF TRAINING

Army Operation Course (AOC)

This 5-month course prepares Army junior officers to perform the duties of key staff positions within a joint and combined coalition operational environment, across the spectrum of conflict utilizing the Land Force Command, Control and Information System. This course is offered at Canadian Land Force Command and Staff College (CLFCSC) Kingston (ON) and comprises three phases: the Pre-Army Operations Course (Pre-AOC), the Supervised Distance Learning Module and the Residential Module.

Junior Command and Staff Course (JCSC)

This 14-week course takes place at Camp Aldershot (NS). It includes courses on Ethics & Leadership, Army Tactical Operations, Command & Control Tactics, Peace Support Operations, Staff & Communication skills, Law of Armed Conflict and Train the Trainer module. This year, DMTC offered two serials of this course, which graduated 47 officers from around the world.

Caribbean Junior Command and Staff Course (CJCSC)

This is a similar course to JCSC. It is the product of a successful collaboration between Canada and Jamaica. The course is currently being offered in new facilities in Moneague, Jamaica. The new facilities, called the Caribbean Junior Command and Staff College, were constructed by combat and construction engineers from both nations under the auspices of Exercise Tropical Hammer⁸ as part of Canada’s ongoing partnership with Jamaica. The new college has had a significant impact on the Jamaica Defence Force (JDF)’s capacity to stage advanced and staff training for Officers and Warrant Officers. The facility is now utilized throughout the year.

With openings for up to 33 students from the Caribbean Community nations (CARICOM), CJCSC focuses on staff skills and Caribbean-centric tactical operations, including Jungle Warfare, Airmobile Operations, Urban Warfare and Internal Security Operations. Graduates of the 18-week course are eminently qualified to assume staff and leadership positions in formation and national headquarters. The 2009 course ran from 1 February to 9 June and saw students from 9 countries studying under instructors from Canada, Guyana, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Kingdom. This is truly an international effort.

Staff and Language Training Center – Afghanistan (SLTC-A)

This special project is part of Canada’s ongoing commitment to Afghanistan. It is a strategic enabler for capacity building in the Afghan National Army (ANA). It is a key element in a successful counter insurgency campaign aimed at giving the indigenous forces greater responsibility. ADM(Pol)/DMTC has co-sponsored this project along with Canadian Expeditionary Forces Command (CEFCOM). In 2009-2010, DMTC and CEFCOM continued to develop the SLTC-A project. The main SLTC-A program, the ANA Junior Officer Staff Course, successfully completed two courses in 2009, graduating a total of 59 ANA students. In February 2010, the SLTC-A project also received Effective Project Approval from the Minster of National Defence, meaning that approximately $12M is dedicated to the construction of permanent facilities for the ANA’s Junior Officer Staff course. Construction of these facilities began in the summer of 2010.

Basic Public Affairs Officer Course (BPAOC)

This is a new DMTC initiative delivered under the auspices of the Defence Public Affairs Learning Centre in Gatineau, Quebec. This is a highly intensive course that gives candidates the knowledge and skills required of entry-level Public Affairs Officers.

This course focuses on the doctrine, theory and practice of public affairs, plus substantial training in officership, geopolitics and consulting and management skills relevant to the public affairs field. It also offers significant training in the technical, tool-based aspects of public affairs, including print media, new media, radio and audio-visual production up to and including the production of news and short features in all formats. The course also looks at crisis management and crisis communications management and ends with an intensive exercise that takes students through all aspects of the skills they have acquired.

The first BPAOC serial offered to MTCP candidates began in January 2009 and included candidates from Bolivia, Ukraine and Macedonia. Candidates from Bolivia, Jamaica, Mali, Mexico and Ukraine attended the second serial that commenced in January 2010. A third serial has been planned for the fall of 2010 and will be expanded in length (up to six months).

Defence Resource Management Seminar (DRMS)

This seminar offers an overview of defence policy, budgets, force goals, force structure, program management, organizational procedures and performance measurement. The Canadian Defence Academy (CDA) is responsible for the overall development of the seminar content and for the delivery and coordination of the professional aspects of the seminar. The target audience for the seminar is a maximum 30-40 senior level officers (Lieutenant-Colonels and Colonels) or their civilian equivalent who are involved in capital acquisition or assigned to force structure positions. This year, the DRMS was held in Ottawa from 22 to 26 February 2010.

Civil Military Relations (CMR)/Civil Military Cooperation (CIMIC) Seminar

This is a five-day seminar conducted by the Canadian Defence Academy (CDA) for a maximum 30-40 mid- to senior-level military, police, and civilian staff. The seminar aims to provide and share, using lectures, questions and answers and a culminating small-group exercise, a comparative overview of civil military relations as the global context for civil military cooperation, the interrelationships between Civil Military Relations (CMR), and the skills and techniques necessary to contribute to Civil Military Cooperation (CIMIC) in domestic and international operations. This seminar acknowledges that neither civil military relations nor civil military cooperation can be considered in isolation and lays a foundation for mutual learning and subsequent sharing among participants and instructors. This year, DMTC conducted two CMR/CIMIC Seminars: in Belgrade, Serbia, from 9-18 November 2009, and in Santiago, Chile, from 30 November to 4 December 2009.

PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS (PSO) TRAINING

United Nations Integrated Mission Staff Officers Course (UNIMSOC)

This course was developed in support of the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operation Capstone Principles and Guidelines and is conducted at the Pearson Peacekeeping Center (PPC) in Cornwallis, Nova Scotia. This six-week course is designed to boost the operational effectiveness of staff officers deployed to integrated missions. It is also relevant to police officers and civilians who play a critical role in an integrated mission. The course is designed to give participants an insight into the complex environment of contemporary peace operations, the purpose of multidisciplinary and integrated peace operations as they function in the modern world, the multiple actors/stakeholders in the mission environment, and the roles and functions of staff officer among the complex array of actors/stakeholders, as well as making them proficient in the knowledge and skills required of an integrated mission staff officer. This year UNIMSOC brought together military officers from 25 African, Asian, South American and European countries.

Senior Management Course (SMC)

The Senior Management Course (SMC) on Integrated Peace Operations Missions is a threeweek course offered at the Pearson Peacekeeping Center (PPC) in Cornwallis, Nova Scotia. It is designed to increase operational effectiveness in planning at the political and strategic level for complex peace missions. Participants are introduced to the various aspects of offering advice on military policy during the development phase of a contemporary United Nations peace operation. The course begins with an introductory look at the development of a peace mission and the evolution/ cycle of mandates. Participants work through a variety of activities designed to solidify their understanding of the processes. Throughout the course, participants are introduced to crosscutting issues such as culture, gender and vulnerable groups, as well as negotiation and cross-cultural communication skills. Towards the end of the course, participants prepare a draft of the military advice that the United Nations Military Advisor (UN Milad)/Department of Peacekeeping Operations would submit to the Security Council, plus the supporting Security Resolution. This year, SMC brought together selected senior military officers and civilian personnel from 28 countries spanning Central and South America, Africa, Asia, Europe and the Middle East.

United Nations Military Observers (UNMO) Course I

This internationally recognized course is conducted four times a year domestically at the Peace Support Training Center (PSTC) in Kingston (ON) and once a year internationally. Officers selected as United Nations Military Observers or to serve on the International Military Assistance Training Team attend this qualification course. The aim of the course is to prepare potential Military Observers and Civilian Police Monitors to operate safely and effectively in any Peace Operations mission.

This year, six members of the PSTC in Kingston deployed to Arusha, Tanzania to conduct this course for the African Union under the auspices of the Directorate of Military Training and Cooperation. The Tanzania Peoples Defence Force co-hosted this training initiative, providing much of the administrative and equipment support and supplying three instructors and a platoon of role players to augment the Canadian cadre during the training period. Thirty-two students from 14 African Union countries attended this three week course, which ran from 8 to 26 Feb 2010.

Peace Support Operations (PSO) Seminar

This seminar is developed and delivered by the Canadian Defence Academy (CDA) for a maximum 30-40 senior level officers or civilians. Its aim is to acquaint participants with the evolution of UN peace operations over the past 20 years, with the mandate process, the principal instruments, organizations, mechanisms and capabilities for initiating and conducting various types of peace operations, with the role of the senior representative of the Secretary General, the legal framework and provisions guiding the execution of peace support operations, and other deployment considerations; with the role of the civilian police, NGOs and other civilian components and their relationship with the military in modern peace operations; with various case studies and major lessons learned, including successes and failures, from situations those in Haiti, Congo, Kosovo, East Timor, Afghanistan, and Rwanda. This year, the PSO seminar was held in Campo De Mayo, Argentina, from 20-26 September 2009.

Peace Support Operations (PSO) Logistics Course

The aim of the two-week PSO Logistics Course is to provide selected officers between the ranks of Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel with the knowledge they need to serve in a logistics position at the headquarters level in any PSO mission.

The course, offered on a yearly basis, is a joint Kenya/Canada venture and is hosted by the Kenya International Peace Support Training Centre (IPSTC) in Karen, Kenya. It is sponsored by DMTC on behalf of the Canadian Government and delivered by experienced Directing Staff from various nations. Many of the presentations are offered by IPSTC staff and visiting guest lecturers.

Tactical Operations Staff Course (TOSC)

DMTC has developed a Tactical Operations Staff Course (TOSC) to further expand the capabilities of the African Mission in Sudan (AMIS). It is designed to address the specific needs of officers from AU countries. It offers candidates ranging in rank from Lieutenant to Lieutenant-Colonel the staff skills they need to work effectively in a mid to high-intensity multinational peacekeeping operations room or command post. More specifically, the course focuses on such key thematic areas as the AU and peacekeeping in Africa, command post operations, doctrine, the law of armed conflict and the operational planning process. DMTC’s primary goal for African/Darfur military training assistance is to help build an indigenous peace support capacity in Africa using the train-the-trainer concept. Under this concept, Africans are given training and expertise that will effectively equip them to assume a role in training their own forces using the knowledge they have acquired from their MTCP training.

To date, TOSC, offered three times a year, has been delivered in Mali, Kenya, Ghana, and Canada. It has proven to be a useful tool in supporting Canadian defence diplomacy objectives, capability building in Africa and the peace support efforts of the United Nations/African Union mission in Darfur (UNAMID). In 2009-2010, more than 90 candidates from across Africa completed the three week course, which was held twice in Nairobi, Kenya, and once in Accra, Ghana.

OTHER TRAINING

Caribbean Counter Terrorism Training Centre and Caribbean Counter Terrorism Capacity Building Program (CCTCBP)

This special project was initiated in support of the Americas Strategy. The Caribbean Counter Terrorism Training Centre (CCTTC) facility, initially constructed as part of the Tropical Hammer series of exercises, is now being completed with funding from DMTC and with the support of the Jamaica Defence Force (JDF) Engineers. When complete, it will house a state-of-the-art training facility, a dedicated small arms simulator, an operations centre, and offices and accommodations for roughly 180 personnel of the JDF Counter Terrorism Operations Group (CTOG).

At the present time, DMTC is also managing a fiveyear Government of Canada Counter-Terrorism Capacity Building (CTCB) program for JDF. This program, although administered by DMTC, is funded by DFAIT. The training is being provided by the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command (CANSOFCOM) in Jamaica. This train-thetrainer program has been designed to give JDF’s Counter Terrorism Operations Group the ability to self-generate within JDF and eventually become a regional Special Operations Force (SOF) centre of excellence for the training of Caribbean allies.⁹

Jamaican Military Aviation School (JMAS)

This special project consists of a regional military flight facility in Kingston, Jamaica. It trains pilots from Jamaica and other Caribbean countries in accordance with CF flight standards. Under the auspices of DMTC, DND/CF has provided a curriculum, engineering expertise and assistance, computer equipment and ongoing instruction to train Jamaican instructors to Canadian standards. The aim is for Jamaica to become the regional hub for military aviation and aviation support training. JMAS is now fully functional. DMTC provides only an annual flight standard evaluation of the school while JMAS delivers pilot training.

The JMAS pilot training continued to grow over the past year with the first rotation of foreign instructors undergoing training. All reports from Canadian Standards personnel hold JMAS in very high regard, to the point where negotiations are currently under way to post a JMAS instructor to the 3 Canadian Forces Flying Training School in Portage La Prairie. DMTC is currently looking to sponsor a limited number of foreign students on an annual basis through the JMAS program.

For many years, the JMAS technician training has taken place at the Canadian Forces School of Aerospace Technology and Engineering (CFSATE) in Borden, Ontario. Preparations are currently being made to repatriate this training to Jamaica by the end of 2011.

Naval Boarding Party (NBP) Basic Training

This special project is also funded through DFAIT’s Counter Terrorism Capacity Building (CTCB) program, with students attending Canadian Forces Naval Operations School (CFNOS) Halifax (NS) and Canadian Forces Fleet School (CFFS) Esquimalt (BC). This is an 18-day training course required by all those performing NBP duties. All students are instructed on various aspects of boarding procedures and strong emphasis is placed on personal conditioning, weapons proficiency and safety. Students receive live hands-on training in proper weapons handling, use of force, container inspections, rappelling, tactical search and sweep procedures, as well as lectures on ship safety and hazardous material awareness. Students are also instructed on the various relevant weapon policies and operational states.

DMTC is currently in discussions with both DFAIT and the Canadian Navy to repatriate this training to Jamaica as part of a more regionally focused Maritime Centre of Excellence. The Center of Excellence would also incorporate Bridge Watch Keeper training, Naval Boarding Party Supervisor Training and other maritime related training.

Expert Team and Delegation Visits

DMTC offers short-term specialized training to member states if requested. This specialized training can either be executed in the requesting country as an Expert Team Visit or in Canada as a Delegation Visit. In 2009-2010, DMTC staged a variety of different visits, including:

Expert Team Visit

• Expert Team Visit to German Center to discuss Peacekeeping in Africa;
• Royal Military College (RMC) Expert Team Visit to Kazakhstan;
• Chief of Defence Intelligence (CDI) Expert Team Visit to Ukraine;
• Peace Support Training Center (PSTC) Expert Team Visit to Argentina in support of the Military Observer Course (MILOB);
• Expert Team Visit to Jamaica by CANSOFCOM for standardization of the Jamaican Counter Terrorism and Operation Group (CTOG);
• Expert Team Visit to Jamaica by 2 Canadian Air Division for standardization of Aviation Training at JMAS;
• Canadian Expert Team Visit to Gaborone, Botswana:
  • To help the Botswana Defence Force (BDF) benchmark their training with the Canadian Land Force Command and Staff College (CLFCSC) and the Canadian Forces College (CFC) and to help BDF introduce an academic component into their current training;
  • To deliver a special serial of the Canadian Forces Training Analysis, Design and Evaluation Course;
  • To discuss Aviation Technician training and progression; Aviation Technician instructors training and progression; management of a technical school; Pilot training; Pilot instructor training and progression; Integration of women into the flying environment; aircraft engineering and maintenance program, including Pilot training with BDF representatives.

Delegation Team Visit

• Delegation Visit from Indonesian Defence University to Canadian Defence Academy (CDA), RMC and Canadian Forces College (CFC);
• Delegation Visit from Botswana to CDA, RMC, CLFCSC and CFC; and
• Delegation Visit from Senegal to DMTC, RMC Saint-Jean (QC) and Secteur du Québec de la Force Terrestre (SQFT) – Force opérationnelle interarmées (FOI) EST in order to provide members of the Senegalese Delegation with information on domestic operations and RMC Saint-Jean.

Partnership for Peace (PfP) Exercises

PfP is a program to strengthen relations between individual member states and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The aim of PfP is to increase stability, decrease threats to peace and build strong security relationships between each member state and NATO and among the member states. The PfP allows each member state to build an exclusive relationship with NATO based on their priorities for cooperation. Each year, a number of PfP exercises are included in NATO’s PfP program schedule. DMTC, in collaboration with Strategic Joint Staff, the Environmental Commands and the Canadian Forces (CF), selects, directs and funds certain aspects of PfP exercises. The selection of exercises is based on the advice of the Environmental Commands in accordance with the CF’s military training goals and the potential for contributions. A number of PfP exercises were planned for 2009-2010. Unfortunately, some of the exercises were cancelled due to financial constraints in participating member states. Canada, through DMTC, took part in the planning phase of the following Exercises by providing support staff:

• Planning of Exercise VIKING 2011-Stockholm, Sweden;
• Planning of Exercise SEABREEZE 2010-Odessa, Ukraine;
• Planning of Exercise RAPID TRIDENT 2010-Lviv, Ukraine;
• Planning of Exercise AMANI AFRICA 2010-Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

HIGHLIGHT

A Jamaican officer, trained under the auspices of DMTC, in the multi-national coalition: Afghanistan

A new chapter in defence relations was written in the fall of 2009 when Lt Carl Clarke from the Jamaica Defence Force (JDF) completed his tour with the Canadian Forces in Afghanistan. Clarke, a JDF Engineer Officer, served as a Construction Management Team Leader with the Construction Management Organization of Joint Task Force Afghanistan Headquarters. It was a long road to get there and Clarke can attest to that fact. From the initial discussions between DMTC staff and the Jamaican CDS to the deployment, a multitude of hurdles had to be overcome. This came at a time when Canada was looking for outside support from allies in Afghanistan, and therefore an offer like this from an ally could not be taken lightly.

Prior to deployment, Lt Clarke received the same comprehensive training package completed by CF troops. Lt Clarke noted that the training he received was one of the key factors affecting his performance in theatre. He was quickly adopted by his Canadian unit and earned the respect of his fellow officers and non-commissioned members. Every step of the long process relating to Clarke’s deployment was felt at DMTC. It did not become a reality, however, until the first e-mail from his Squadron Commander in Afghanistan arrived at the DMTC office saying “Guess what showed up on my doorstep this afternoon…a Jamaican, under an Afghan sun, just stepping off a Dutch Herc”. With that, Lt Clarke became the first JDF Officer within the multi-national coalition.

2009-2010 DMTC Funding

The total DMTC budget for 2009-2010 was $20M. DMTC also receives special funding from other sources internal and external to DND. DFAIT, as an external funding partner of DMTC, financially sponsors some of DMTC’s Capacity Building projects¹⁰ abroad. During the 2009-2010 fiscal year, roughly 1,000 foreign military officers from 61 countries were trained under the auspices of DMTC.

 

2009-2010 Member States

AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST	ASIA-PACIFIC	EUROPE	THE AMERICAS
Benin	Afghanistan (associated)	Albania	Antigua & Barbuda
Botswana	Bangladesh	Bosnia-Herzegovina	Argentina
Burkina Faso	Indonesia	Croatia	Barbados
Cameroon	Malaysia	Kazakhstan	Belize
Ghana	Mongolia	Kyrgyzstan	Bolivia
Jordan	Nepal	Macedonia	Brazil
Kenya	Pakistan (new)	Montenegro	Chile
Kuwait*	Philippine	Russia	Dominican Republic
Malawi	Republic of Korea*	Serbia	Ecuador
Mali	Singapore*	Tajikistan	El Salvador
Namibia	Thailand	Ukraine	Guatemala
Nigeria	Timor-Leste		Guyana
Oman*			Honduras
Rwanda			Jamaica
Senegal			Mexico
Sierra Leone			Nicaragua
South Africa			Paraguay
Tanzania			Peru
Zambia			Trinidad & Tobago*
			Uruguay

 

DMTC Contacts

Directorate Military Training and Cooperation
National Defence Headquarters
101 Colonel By Drive
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K2
Fax: (613) 992-2458

Ms. Jessica MacEwen
Project Manager: Staff and Language Training Centre – Afghanistan
Telephone: (613) 992-8153
Jessica.MacEwen@forces.gc.ca

Mr. John Andruszka
Administrative Officer
Telephone: (613) 992-1139
John.Andruszka@forces.gc.ca

Maj Christain Papineau
International Operations and Exercises Officer
Telephone: (613) 992-0866
Christain.Papineau@forces.gc.ca

Mr. Rod MacKay
MTCP Command and Staff Training
Telephone: (613) 992-3953
Roderick.Mackay@forces.gc.ca

Mr. Blair Waddington
Program Manager: Jamaican Pilot Training Repatriation
Telephone: (613) 995-6048
Blair.Waddington@forces.gc.ca

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• ¹ Fiscal Years 2008-2009 to 2010-2011.

• ² Fiscal Years 2011-2012 to 2013-2014.

• ³ Originated in 1960s.

• ⁴ Annual per capital GDP of more than US $15,000.

• ⁵ Security System Reform (SSR) is an umbrella term for processes designed to transform the security architecture of states in line with democratic principles.

• ⁶ Tropical Hammer Exercise: This is part of CF engineers’ pre-deployment training for Afghanistan. CF engineers work with JDF and local labour to construct sea container buildings as part of Capacity Building Exercises in Jamaica.

• ⁷ As part of full integration of students into the Canadian culture and society, the students stay with a Canadian family during the length of their training.

• ⁸ Tropical Hammer Exercise: This is part of CF engineers’ pre-deployment training to Afghanistan. CF engineers work with JDF and local labour to construct sea container buildings as part of Capacity Building Exercises in Jamaica.

• ⁹ The results of CTOG training was showcased during the hijacking of the CanWest plane in Kingston, Jamaica.

• ¹⁰ Caribbean Counter Terrorism Capacity Building Program as well as Naval Boarding Party Training are two of DFAIT-Funded DMTC projects.

• ¹¹ Tier-Two Members are countries with a per capita GDP > $US 15,000.